高效液相色谱法测定土壤中的二氯喹啉酸

用50 ml甲醇︰0.05 mol/L硼砂溶液(p H=10)(9︰1,v/v)作为提取剂对20 g(或适量)土壤样品中残留的二氯喹啉酸振荡提取2 h,离心过滤后分取滤液25 ml浓缩,甲醇定容至2 ml,再用滤膜过滤后待测定;高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)以1.0 ml/min的甲醇︰1%乙酸水溶液(55︰45,V/V)为流动相,柱温45℃,在238 nm的紫外光波长下进行二氯喹啉酸的外标法定量。该方法精密度为6.0%,检出限为0.012 mg/kg,不同类型土壤的加标回收率74.9%~98.8%,能满足有机分析要求。该方法既简捷易操作,又能满足土壤中二氯喹啉酸低残留量的测定。     

农机检测实验室样品管理研究

样品管理是实验室工作中的重要环节，规范化、制度化的样品管理工作可保障实验室管理体系的有效运行。阐述实验室样品管理的总体要求与原则，从样品接收、标识、确认、流转、贮存、处理等环节人手，介绍样品全过程跟踪管理方法，为做好实验室样品管理工作提供参考。     

中华五角海星体腔液蛋白质分离技术初探

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析中华五角海星体腔液蛋白组分,探究低丰度蛋白样品的初步分离鉴定方法。研究结果表明,中华五角海星体腔液部分蛋白含量处于凝胶电泳的最小检测浓度范围。通过简易样品浓缩处理、上样前样品处理及电泳缓冲液选择等条件优化,实现了对此类量少,低丰度样品良好的分离效果。     

气相色谱-电子捕获检测器测定电子废弃物处理场地底泥中的四溴双酚-A

通过优化分析仪器的条件设置，建立了使用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器技术分析四溴双酚-A（TBBP—A）的仪器分析方法。样品采用正己烷索氏提取、硅胶柱分离纯化、外标法定量，结果表明，测定方法在测量范围内具有良好的线性关系，测定的平均回收率为86．8％，检出限为5．0ng／ml，相对标准偏差为3．26％～8．77％：     

乌审旗东北部典型地段天然植被调查研究

对乌审旗东北部典型地段天然植被进行了调查研究，结果表明：研究区样地主要可以分为4种典型地段，且不同的典型地段上其优势植物种类不同。研究区样地的植被主要以菊科、禾本科和藜科植物为主，其中以菊科植物居多，其次是禾本科植物。调查研究还发现，研究区附近主要有34种植物，分属于16个科，28个属，其中菊科植物有10种，为最多，菊科植物中蒿属占5种，其次是禾本科植物，有6种。     

喷微灌产品计量与计数抽样方案比较分析

在相同的厂方风险和使用方风险下,以旋转式喷头流量一致性指标的抽样检验为例,开展了喷微灌产品计量与计数抽样检验方案的可比较分析.结果表明,在一般检验水平Ⅱ下,与利用计数抽样标准获得的样本数量相比,当样本批量大于等于91时,基于计量抽样方案得到的样本数量降低率E在s和σ方法下分别为25.0%～43.4%和56.0%～67.6%,较大样本批量下采用计量抽样检验获得的样本数量减少效果更趋明显.对同时满足计数和计量抽样检验条件的喷微灌产品指标而言,应尽量采用计量抽样检验方案,达到减少样本抽样数量、降低检验成本的目的.     

Random point sampling to detect gain and loss in tree canopy cover in response to urban densification

Urban tree canopy cover (UTC) is a simple, and common, measure of urban forest resource. Urban infill development is likely to lead to losses in UTC under private tenure, at a time when local governments are setting ambitious targets to increase UTC overall. Simple, statistically rigorous methods are required to benchmark and track change in UTC, whilst identifying which land-use types or tenures experience change.We estimated UTC in six Melbourne suburbs in 2010 and 2015 by randomly sampling 2000 points across public land, public streetscapes and private land. We were able to detect a net change in UTC of <2% over five years to a 95% level of confidence. A significant net decrease in UTC (−2.4%) was only detected in one of the six suburbs. Two suburbs had a net increase in UTC by +2.7% over five years. On private land, there was often areas of UTC loss, but this was generally offset by canopy gain in other areas of the private realm as well as in streetscapes and public land. Losses in UTC on private land were mainly due to tree removal, with or without subsequent construction works.This study describes a simple, but statistically rigorous, method to quantify UTC change and the drivers of change in different land-use types and tenure. Despite studying two suburbs will high rates of infill development, only one suburb showed evidence of net UTC decrease. The ‘dynamic equilibrium’ in UTC, whereby canopy losses area approximately offset by concurrent canopy gain, means that ambitious targets being set by local governments to increase UTC may be difficult to achieve without changes in tree protection and infill development policy and planning.     

基于提等潜力和主导因素的耕地质量监测类型区划分及布点方法

以江西省南昌县为例,依托江西省耕地质量监测试点项目,依据耕地自然等指数提升潜力大小和对等级提升最大贡献值因子的组合类型来划分耕地质量监测类型区,并依据监测重点及监测类型区面积比例布设监测样点。实证分析表明,南昌县耕地质量等级监测共有14个组合类型,归并14个组合类型得到5个监测类型区:1个常规监测区和4个重点监测区。其中重点监测类型区包括易渍涝区、易干旱区、耕层瘠薄区和肥力缺乏区。依据监测重点和面积大小在各监测类型区内共布设监测样点70个。统计学检验结果证明,同其他常规布点方法对比,在相同监测样点情况下,依据耕地质量等级提升潜力及限制因子组合类型划分耕地质量监测类型区所布置的监测样点,监测的针对性更强,准确性更高。